Resilience Model Based on Self-Esteem, Emotional Regulation, and Attachment to God: The Mediating Role of Emotion-Focused Coping Strategy

Abstract

Objective: Resilience indicates a characteristic within an individual that enables them to flourish despite challenges and limitations, not only overcoming obstacles but thriving in the face of them. The aim of this study is to present a resilience model based on individual factors and the mediating role of emotion-focused coping strategy.

Methods and Materials: This research is descriptive-correlational, with the statistical population comprising all male and female students studying at the undergraduate, master's, and doctoral levels at Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Samples were selected using stratified random sampling and, based on the Morgan table and accounting for subject dropout, a sample size of 420 individuals was chosen. The instruments used to measure the research variables included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Attachment to God Questionnaire, Lazarus and Folkman's Coping Strategies, Garnefski et al.'s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling with SPSS 22 and Smart PLS4 software. Of the distributed questionnaires, 400 were evaluable and scorable.

Findings: Data analysis results indicated that in all pathways, the significance level was less than the error level of 0.05, thus, at a 95% confidence level and an error level of 0.05, the total effect in the research model pathways is significant. The GOF criterion value was 0.513, indicating a moderate to high goodness of fit for the overall research model.

Conclusion:  The findings highlight the critical roles of self-esteem, emotional regulation, and attachment to God in enhancing resilience through emotion-focused coping strategies among students.